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Sri Suktam

21 Sep

A Powerful Hymn to Chant and Invoke the Grace of Lakshmi

In the context of the Sri Suktam, Agni is invoked as the intermediary. He is called the “Jaataveda” (knower of all births). Agni is the fire god through whom offerings are made to the divine. These offerings specifically aim to bring Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity, into the home. Although the ultimate goal of the Sri Suktam is to invoke Lakshmi, several verses, particularly the first, are prayers directed to Agni to ensure the ritualistic fire-sacrifice is effective and reaches the gods, thereby facilitating the manifestation of prosperity

Links below offer details on Sri Suktam and its significance. The 1st link (PDF) scroll down towards the end for the details on Sri Suktam. the 3rd link is the audio link for chanting.

Important point to note while chanting – In two shlokas there is mention of Alakshmi. Make sure that you pronounce this correctly because the intent is to remove Alakshmi from your life.

Alakshmi is the Hindu goddess of misfortune, poverty, and strife, and the elder sister of Goddess Lakshmi. Also known as Jyeshtha (“the elder”), she symbolizes all that is the opposite of Lakshmi. She resides where there is filth, crime, and poverty. Alakshmi emerged during the Samudra Manthan before Lakshmi and is depicted as naked, unkempt, and riding a donkey.

Click to access Daily_Invocations.pdf

Shri Suktam Meaning, Benefits, and Blessings of Goddess Lakshmi

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Oh Man! Read the Gita

12 Aug

In Chapter 18 Sri Krishna states that the Wisdom of the Gita is reserved only for those who are destined. If you are reading this Blog maybe your time has come.

Eons ago, Krishna guided Arjuna through his greatest crisis. Today, his wisdom can guide you and those you care about. This version of the Gita is simple and relatable. It is accessible to everyone, from students to professionals, to anyone seeking happiness and purpose. When you get a copy, you’re not just helping yourself, you’re also supporting a philanthropic cause. Kindle & Paperback version are available on Amazon India, In other countries the Kindle Version is available.

Why this book

A dipstick with college batchmates, friends, and relatives claimed that almost no one had read the Holy Gita. This was worrying. The Gita is an ancient treasure, filled with wisdom—an excellent guide to peace and happiness. This compilation is an effort to get the message of the Gita to a larger audience.

There are so many books on the Gita what is unique about Oh! Man Read the Gita 

In the 70s, computers were complex devices with proprietary software. Things changed when Apple and Microsoft launched the PC and later the smartphone. Products that were easy to use made computing accessible to every home. There are many commentaries on the Gita. They are either voluminous texts or brief conceptual writings. The composition seems intimidating to a layman. Most publications are targeted to a sectorial audience. This book is an effort to fill that gap. It has taken the best explanation from multiple sources, simplified it, and stitched them together like a string of pearls. We hope this book will help in spreading the message.

Why is the Authors name Sri Krishna

The Gita is from Sri Krishna – He is the author. All content, copyright, and trademark belongs to Sri Krishna and Sage Veda Vyasa. We are compilers. We have taken this knowledge from the best of sources. We tried to stitch it up together in an easy-to-read format. The content from this book can be used by one and all freely to spread this knowledge far and wide. The profits from the sale of this book will be used for a philanthropic cause.

This book is a joint project between Suresh G. Bharwani the founder of Jetking and me. We seek your support to read the book and spread the message.

Om Tat Sat

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Fascinating Number Nine 

24 Jun

There are 18 chapters (1 + 8 = 9) in the entire Mahabharata as well as in the Bhagavad Gita. The battle of Kurukshetra lasted 18 days. There are 18 Puranas and 108 Upanishads. What makes number 9 so fascinating ?

The universe begins with zero and ends with 9. After 9, the numbers just repeat themselves in two digits. So, 9 is seen as a complete number. This is evident. Any number multiplied with 9 and reduced to a single digit always becomes 9. (For example, 9 times 3 is 27. If you add 2+7, it will give you 9. Try this with any number).

In Pythagorean numerology the number 9 symbolises the end of one cycle and the beginning of another.

The number 108 (1+8 = 9; 12 times 9 is 108) is considered very holy in Hinduism and Buddhism. It is also regarded as sacred across a range of religions and cultures. 108 times is used in many spiritual chants in different religions to mark the completion of prayer.

The human body has 9 openings. These include two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, the mouth, and the openings for excretion and procreation. Even the shape of the womb is in the form of 9. Perhaps it is no surprise that it takes 9 months for a human being to give birth to a child.

In Vedic culture, the number 9 finds a place of spiritual significance. There are 9 planets in Vedic astrology that are said to govern an individual’s life based on his/her actions (karma). These 9 planets are: Mars, Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Saturn, Sun, Moon, Rahu (Northern lunar node), Ketu (Southern lunar node). 

There are 9 gems or Navaratnas associated with these planets. Pearl is for Moon. Ruby is for Sun. Blue Sapphire is for Saturn. Yellow Sapphire is for Jupiter. Red coral is for Mars. Emerald is for Mercury. Diamond is for Venus. Gomed or Hessonite is for Rahu. Cat’s eye or Chrysoberyl is for Ketu.

We celebrate 9 days of Navaratri to mark the victory of Goddess Shakti over evil. 

There are 9 emotions (bhavas or rasas) in Indian classical dance known as the ‘Navarasas’: Shringara (love and beauty), Hasya (laughter), Karuna (compassion), Raudra (anger), Veera (courage), Bhayanaka (fear), Bibhatsya (disgust), Adbutha (surprise), and Shantha (tranquility)

There are 9 forms of devotion to God or our Supreme Self (Paramatma). These include Shravan (hearing), Kirtan (praying), and Smaran (remembering). Others are Padasevan (resorting to feet), Archan (worship), and Namaskar (bowing). Additional forms are Dasya (service), Sakhyam (friendship), and Atma-Nivedana (surrender of the self).

The nine Muses in Greek mythology have distinct domains. Calliope is the Muse of epic poetry. Clio represents history, and Erato is for erotic poetry. Euterpe is known for lyric poetry. Melpomene is associated with tragedy. Polyhymnia is linked to song, while Terpsichore inspires dance. Thalia is the muse of comedy, and Urania governs astronomy.

El Castillo, the Mayan step-pyramid in Chichen Itza, consists of nine steps. It is said that this was done to represent the nine levels of Xibalba.

In Christianity the number 9 also represents the fruits of God’s Holy Spirit. These fruits are faithfulness, gentleness, goodness, joy, kindness, long suffering, love, peace and self-control (Galatians 5:22 – 23).

The famous Ayyappa Temple in Sabarimala, Kerala has 18 steps as the last finale to the shrine ( 1 + 8 = 9)

  • Speed of light = 186282 miles/sec = 1 + 8 + 6 + 2 + 8 + 2 = 27 = 2 + 7 = 9
  • Diameter of the Sun = 864000 miles = 8 + 6 + 4 + 0 + 0 + 0= 18 = 1 + 8 = 9
  • Diameter of the Moon = 2160 miles = 2 + 1 + 6 + 0 = 9
  • Diameter of the Earth = 7920 miles = 7 + 9 + 2 + 0 = 18 = 1 + 8 = 9
  • Second in a hour = 3600 = 3 + 6 =9
  • Second in a day = 86400 = 8 + 6 + 4 =18 = 1 + 8 =9
  • Second in a month = 2592000 = 2 + 5 + 9 + 2 = 18 = 1 + 8 = 9
  • Second in a year = 31104000 = 3 + 1 + 1 + 0 + 4 = 9
  • Even the universe vibrates at a frequency of 432 Hz = 4 + 3 + 2 = 9.
  • There are 27 Nakshatras or stars 2 + 7 = 9

The importance of the number 108 can be seen repetitively in astronomy and astrology : 1 + 8 = 9

  • In Vedic astrology there are 12 solar houses and 9 lunar houses, 9 x 12 = 108
  • The diameter of the sun is about 108 times that of the diameter of Earth.
  • The average distance between the Earth and the Sun is 108 times the sun’s diameter.
  • The average distance from the Earth to the Moon is 238,800 miles, about 108 times the moons diameter. This makes the moon appear the same size as the sun during eclipses.

Nine is so popular that there are many Idioms also based on this number

  • “to go the whole nine yards-“
  • “A cat-o’-nine-tails suggests perfect punishment and atonement.” 
  • “A cat has nine lives”
  • “to be on cloud nine”
  • “A stitch in time saves nine”

In numerology Mars is the ruling deity of number 9. Attributes associated with this number include being warlike, egoistic, short tempered, and violent. The number is hard outside but soft inside. It is also dominating, aggressive, strong, and rough. Additionally, it is associated with fighting, alienating, and strong leadership.

Its partner Number 8 is equally fascinating.

Lord Krishna’s birth is celebrated on the eighth day (Ashtami) of the dark fortnight. This period is known as (Krishna Paksha) in Shravana Masa. His consort Radha’s birth is celebrated in Barsana and the entire Braj region also on an Ashtami. Radha Ashtami comes fifteen days after Krishna Janmashtami.

Ashtami is the highest point of celebration during the Durga Puja Festival. It is believed that on this day Goddess Durga killed Mahishasura. 

The number eight is a Fibonacci number. The sixth number in the Fibonacci sequence is eight. It is the only number in this sequence, other than the number one, that is a perfect cube (2³).The amount of clouds in the sky is calculated in oktas, ranging from zero oktas to eight oktas. On a day with zero oktas, the sky is completely clear of clouds. A day with six oktas would be mostly cloudy.

Saturn is the reigning deity of number 8. 

Number 8 is the symbol of Infinity. It has perfect symmetry. It is both spiritual and materialistic. It is a number that comes blessed with positive energy, the power of transitions, and the possibility of infinite abundance.

Only 3 numbers – 0, 3 & 8 have lines of symmetry.

  • 0 has 2 lines of symmetry 1 horizontal and 1 vertical.
  • 3 has one horizontal line of symmetry if we draw the top and bottom both equal size.
  • 8 has two symmetry lines, vertical and horizontal.

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Overcoming the fear of Death

24 Jun

The Evolved Soul

One of the most important teaching from the Gita is to overcome the fear of death. While death is inevitable, rare is the person who is ready to go. Insecurity and Fear are the two diseases for which there is no medical cure. 

In Chapter 2, the Lord starts his teachings. He tries to explain that the soul is immortal. 

Death from a worldly point of view – Death is natural to all beings. There is no use in sorrowing for this unavoidable occurrence. Life comes from the Unknown. It remains for a short time in the field of the known. Then it goes back to the Unknown again. 

We all know that it is impossible to take your wealth, youth, relationships with you. All we can carry is our Positive Karma. Those who have lived a dharmic life and accumulated good karma will definitely get upgraded in their next life. They have done their duty without attachment to the results. This reality has to sink in. Imbibing the teachings of the Gita helps us to overcome our limitations. 

Why we fear Death? 

  • Fear of the unknown 
  • Fear of the punishments we get for our wrong deeds 
  • Fear of losing near and dear ones – How will they manage without me?
  • Unfinished business – pending list of desires

Death comes suddenly, it doesn’t inform you. However well organised you are, it will take you by surprise. One can only focus on the causes that make us afraid of death. These are beautifully enumerated in the Gita. 

  • I am not the body 
  • I am a spark of the divine which is immortal 
  • The Sukshma Sharira carries with it to the next life a well-documented karmic balance 

An enlightened soul doesn’t worry about death. He has worked his whole life to understand “Who am I”. He is ready – the name of the Lord is always on his lips. 

Shlokas 15 – 18 from the Ishavasya Upanishad explain the above points well. These verses are chanted when a person is dying and during the funeral rites. 

Hiranmayeena patrena satyasyaapihitam mukham

Tattwam pushann apaavrinu satya dharmaya drishtaye

The Sun God is considered the best visible manifestation of the Absolute – the son of Prajapati. According to astrology, the Sun is conjoined with the Atman, and the Moon with the Mind. The period of the sun moving towards the north, the Uttarayan is considered auspicious. Many believe that even a sinner dying during this period attains to heavenly regions. 

O! Sun, we have to realise the Truth hidden in you. With our eyes, we cannot have the true vision of you. All we see is only a brilliant light. We are unable to see the Reality hidden within this great light. Remove this golden disc so that we can see the truth hidden behind. May I see it in all glory.  

pushann ekarshe yama surya prajapatya vyuha rashmin samuha tejah

yat te rupam kalyanatamam tatt te pashyami yo saav asau purushah so ham asmi

Gather your rays, let me behold you because the brilliance is too much for my physical eye. Then show me your true radiant form. 

Vayur anilam amritham athedam bhasmantam shariram

Aum krito smara kritam smara krito smara kritam smara 

Now comes the prayer to the mind. O mind, recollect all the karmas you have done in this life-time. Remember each one. Reflect on how you have lived this life. Only the fruits of your karmas will accompany you. Nothing else of this manifested world will follow you. May the life enter into immortal breath. The mind is reminded that his life, the soul is entering into the Immortal Breath. 

Bhasmantam shariram – The person is reminded again and again that his body is becoming ashes. You are not the body. But you are going to the other sphere mingling with the Vital Breath.

And then a message to the intelligence – Remember what we are telling you, Go with this understanding. Remember that your body is becoming ashes and you are free.

Go – Merge with the immortal breath. 

The End

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Making the world a better place on Yoga Day

20 Jun

International Yoga Day, celebrated annually on June 21st, aligns with the summer solstice, symbolizing harmony and balance. 

Large gatherings will celebrate Yoga Day from New Delhi to Timbuktu. There will be Yoga competitions, and many will take pride in doing complex Asana’s and 108 Surya Namaskars. Asana is not a competition, it’s not about twisting your body and experiencing pain. The term ” sthira sukham asana” means a posture in which you can sit for long in “sukha” without fidgeting , without pain, comfortably.

First let’s bow down to the great Sage Patanjali who gave us the science of Yoga. His shrine in Chidambaram may be remembered by a few and will probably not see any grand celebration or reverence. 

The Yogasutras explain 8 well-documented steps to progress on the path to Kaivalya or Nirvikalpa Samadhi. This is a state where you are one with the Eternal Truth or Brahman. Yoga is a science. It helps you to establish “Chitta Vritti Nirodha”. This means to control or quieten the fluctuations/waves of the mind.

The world appears to be on the brink of a 3rd world war and chaos. This is a perfect opportunity to revisit the essence of Yoga. The great saint Patanjali explains this in the Yoga Sutras. It’s a refresher on the rules of being a good human being. It guides us in embarking on the journey to happiness and peace. Let’s reflect on the first two steps – The Yamas & Niyamas.  

These are the Rules & Observances that help you change your lifestyle, attitude and belief system. This is the starting point for everlasting peace and happiness that is elusive in the world. 

The Yamas and Niyamas are not just a set of rules. They are a framework for cultivating ethical and mindful living. This applies both on and off the yoga mat. They are the first two limbs of the eightfold path of yoga. These limbs are essential for personal and spiritual growth. 

Yamas (Restraints)

  • Ahimsa (Non-violence): Extending compassion and kindness to all beings, including oneself. 
  • Satya (Truthfulness): Being honest and truthful in thought, word, and deed. 
  • Asteya (Non-stealing): Avoiding taking what is not freely given, both physically and mentally. 
  • Brahmacharya (Continence/Moderation): Practicing moderation and self-control, particularly in regards to energy and desires. 
  • Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness/Non-greed): Releasing attachment to material possessions and desires. 

Niyamas (Observances)

  • Saucha (Purity/Cleanliness): Maintaining physical and mental cleanliness, promoting a healthy and balanced state. 
  • Santosha (Contentment): Finding satisfaction and happiness in one’s current circumstances. 
  • Tapas (Self-discipline/Austerity): Cultivating inner strength and resilience through self-discipline and effort. 
  • Swadhyaya (Self-study): Engaging in self-reflection and study of spiritual texts. 
  • Ishvarapranidhana (Surrender to a Higher Power): Cultivating faith and surrendering to a higher power or a larger purpose. 

Do your Duty perfectly – the world will be a better

In the Gita Lord Krishna gives a simple recipe to make the world an ideal place. If everyone does his job sincerely and truthfully without greed and expectations the world will be a better place. 

This concept was explained beautifully by my 1st Yoga teacher. Any job you take up, do it to perfection. It could be as simple as chopping vegetables or folding clothes. The act of concentrating on doing even a small job perfectly is meditation. 

Like Yama’s and Niyamas there are rules in society. If everyone follows the road rules there will be no accidents. If every politician and public worker follows his oath of office, we will live in an ideal corrupt free society. If every teacher is diligent and sincere the students will be role model citizens.  

We can all make a difference on Yoga Day. Let’s try and follow at least one of the Yama & Niyamas. Be Truthful. This one small act done by millions can make a great positive impact in the world. 

For more detailed information on this topic visit the Blog below.

Yoga for Peace & Happiness

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Toothless RERA, Hapless Customer 

12 Jun

What changed in Bangalore real estate market in 25 years 

Bangalore has grown from a city of a few million in 2000. It has become a sprawling metropolis of approximately 14 million in the last 25 years. The city’s per capita income is 3X the national average. The ideal weather, cosmopolitan population, and IT boom have contributed to an unprecedented real estate explosion.  

Over 2,600 real estate projects across Karnataka – mainly in Bangalore have missed their scheduled completion deadlines. A recent report indicated that many of these projects are now facing indefinite delays. This Blog examines the issue. It also analyses how things have changed for the worse in the last 25 years despite RERA. 

10X Appreciation in 25 years – 25 years back, you could have booked a nice 2000 Sft flat. The flat would be from a Tier 1 developer in Indiranagar or Koramangla. It would cost about 30 Lacs (~ 1500 Rs / Sft). Today the rates are Rs 15000 /Sft + and the location is not so prime. We are slowly inching towards the Mumbai / Gurgaon rates of 20 – 25,000 /sft. 

Carpet / Super Built Up – The flat you booked in 2000 had a spacious carpet area of 75 – 80%. It included 3 balconies, and a 10 – 11 feet high ceiling. If you book a flat today, the carpet area is less than 60%. This means your usable space in the flat is reduced by 300 sft. You will most probably get only 1 balcony, and the ceiling height has shrunk to 9 feet. By reducing the ceiling height the developer just added one floor for every ten floor he constructs.  

More flats in a 3 acre plot – In 2000 a 3 acre plot with 3 towers would have 7 – 8 floors. It would accommodate 100 – 125 flats. You had a lot more of undivided share of land allotted to you. Today a 3 acre plot will accommodate 350 – 500 flats and each tower will be 25 – 30 floors. So it’s a lot more congested, the common amenities, pool, gym etc are a lot more stretched. And wait. You should read the contract for your flat carefully today. You may find there is no mention of undivided share of land. 

Car Park  – When we booked a flat in 2001 the second car park was 1 Lac. Today it’s very difficult to get a second car park. If you do manage to get one, it is priced 5 – 7.5 L. You may say that’s only a 5X appreciation. However, most people have 2 cars now. It’s a necessity today, unlike in the past when 1 car was the norm. 

Amenities & Facilities 

Not much has changed in terms of your apartment in the last 25 years. Apartments built in the US in the 1970’s came with inbuilt microwave, refrigerator, carpets, kitchen shelves and wardrobes. They had a common washing machine room. There was also a disposable chute for waste. None of this exists in any apartment complex you will book in 2025. You will have the standard amenities. These include a pool, gym, and generator. Maybe the only new addition is a gas bank. There is metering for generator and water usage. Green sustainable designs are limited and solar / rain water harvesting are rare to find. The construction quality may have deteriorated – red bricks have been replaced with solid /hollow blocks. 

Timely possession 

Then developers were accessible, you could walk in to their office and meet the owner of the company. They were apologetic and sympathetic. Yes there were delays but it was minimal 3 – 6 months or maximum 1 year. Things have changed now – you will be lucky to get possession of your flat after 7 – 8 years even if the commitment while booking is 3 – 4 years. 

Let’s dig a little deeper into this. We need to understand why this is happening. This is what RERA was supposed to fix. So, what went wrong?

How developers delay possession 

Step – 1 : You book the flat

You liked the ad, visited the site, found the rates reasonably and decided to book your chosen flat. You pay 10% on booking and another 10% within a month on signing the contract. So 20% paid – nothing has happened in the barren site. 

Step – 2 : Milestone based payments  

If there are 5 towers in your complex the construction will start for 3 and move rapidly. Your payment is linked to floor completion and with latest technology a floor can be built in 2 weeks. In less than 18 months, the building rises rapidly from the basement to the 12th floor. It happens in the blink of an eye. And you have paid almost 75% of the amount due. 

But the overall building is not even 30% complete. The remaining two towers are at foundation level. They are waiting for the equipment and workers from Tower 1 – 3 to be reallocated. The structure completion is only 50% of the work. Electricity, plumbing, interiors, tiling, doors, and windows are more time-consuming activities.

After 3 – 4 years, you realize that you have paid 75% of the money. The chances of you getting possession in time seem to be shrinking. 

Step – 3 : The phase 2 whammy 

This is when the Phase – 2 news hits you. The contract includes a line stating that the developer can build additional floors. This is an option as part of Phase – 2. You ignored it. While buying, the sales guy convinced you that phase 2 approval was a foregone conclusion. He assured you it would be obtained halfway through the project. He added that overall timelines would not be impacted. Phase 2 is the juicy part. Rates have shot up, and the approvers want their share of the pie. 

Step – 4 : RERA Extension  

As the battle for Phase – 2 approval continues in the background the developer quietly applies for a RERA extension. Now the buyer can’t fall back on the RERA timeline. He has paid 75 – 80% of the cost, with a RERA extension his delivery is delayed. If he files a complaint with RERA he may get a compensation for Phase – 1 delay. (Which most don’t since they find the process intimidating and they don’t want to antagonize the developer)

Can you get a refund or sell your property 

If you look around Bangalore you will find many apartment complexes from big name developers pending handover after 10 years. Yes, the rates have increased. However, your money is stuck. The house you wanted to move into is still a mirage. The paper profit shrinks when you add your rent and mortgage interest you have been paying over the years. The biggest beneficiary is the builder who has got low cost finances upfront.

So can you sell and ask the developer to pay you back market rates? NO. The developer will ask you to find a buyer. You must pay the full amount due. Then, the developer facilitates a tripartite transfer agreement. This happens after collecting his transfer charges, which are as high as 3 – 5% and add the broker charges.

So what’s the solution 

There is no easy solution. If you want a ready to move in property, the rates are steep. You don’t get the floor, location, or flat number you prefer. You have to compromise with the leftover units. 

Developers are mega corporations 

The top Developers are large publicly listed corporations. They have projects pan India. Some have even expanded to Dubai. Projects are not 100 – 200 flats complex but are so massive that they look like mini cities. The quarterly revenue & profit dictates their project management. They have ample resources and it’s very difficult for a common man to stand up against them.  

Why is RERA disappointing 

The expectation that RERA would lead to prompt completion of quality projects has been misleading. The onus is on the individual to seek redressal. CREDAI, RERA, Developer Lobby, and Government authorities form a complex web. The buyer feels helpless. The media is silent – they get full page ads from the developers. 

So what do you do? – All you can do is pray and hope your dream flat is handed to you – eventually. The Supreme Court intervened and solved for the subvention scheme – which was another loophole to trap buyers with interest free loans during construction. But court intervention is rare. 

Frustrated you finally move in to your complex which is awaiting approvals and Occupancy certificate. The wait has been too long and you decide enough is enough. Finally, the dust settles. In a year or two, the complex becomes a nice community. If you are lucky.   

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Intelligence, Knowledge & Wisdom

18 Apr

Introduction 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the new buzz word. I wonder if there can be  Artificial Wisdom (AW) ? Why do we call it an ‘intelligent algorithm’ rather than a wise one? Think about the difference between a wise old man and an intelligent student. Ponder the distinction between the wisdom of the Rishis and the intelligence of a scientist. Why is it normal to prefix as above – can they be interchanged? Reflect on these before reading this blog.

Intelligence, Knowledge & Wisdom are closely linked terms and sound synonymous. But there are subtle differences. Intelligence is a gift you are born with, you can develop it further. Knowledge is the outcome of your intelligence & hard work. Wisdom is how you apply this knowledge. Do you invent an atom bomb or do you eradicate diseases. Do you build a company that makes unhealthy, unethical products or do you engage in the pursuit of divine bliss.  

This Blog will try to open up perspectives to get you interested in this topic. 

Scientifically the neurons in our brain and the inter connections they form is what contributes to our intelligence. Every human is born with approximately 86 billion neurons in their brain. At birth, these neurons are unconnected and disparate. The human brain at this stage is like a blank slate upon which scribbling begins. 

As the infant enters the human society, connections, termed as synapses begin to form between these neurons. It peaks by the age of two when there are approximately 100 trillion synapses. After this  neural pruning begins. The second stage of synapses formation starts just before puberty begins. It continues throughout the teenage years, with simultaneous pruning. By the age of 25, neural changes in the brain get stabilized with changes occurring at a glacial pace. By adulthood, a human brain retains only 50% of its synapses. These synapses were formed by the age of two. 

So how come we become wiser with age? In his best-selling book “ The Brain – The story of you,” the author David Eagleman says: “You become who you are not because of what grows in your brain, you change because of what is removed.” This dynamic aspect of neural circuitry is termed ‘neural plasticity’ as synapses keeps on forming and pruning throughout life.

Wise Grandmother

In this context this example is apt. I narrate this since we would normally associate these terms with great scientists or successful entrepreneurs with high IQ & Mensa ratings. 

My 80 year old grandmother was visiting us. The vessel of a steel lid was stuck and none of us were able to open it. Pulling, pushing, inserting sharp object at the edge – nothing worked. Then the grand old suggested – ‘just keep it on the gas burner  and it will pop open’. And that’s exactly what happened – the hot air inside pushed the lid up in a jiffy. Here was a lady who had studied till Class 5. She had more practical knowledge and wisdom than highly educated people.

The Source of these attributes 

What is the source of our intellect, knowledge, power of discrimination? Where does it reside? Is it just the brain or is there more to it. 

It is fascinating on how our ancient scriptures have talked in detail on this topic. A starting point is the Pancha Koshas.   

The Concept of the Pancha Koshas 

The Taittiriya Upanishads (From the Yajur Veda) explains that the human Soul is enveloped by five Kosha’s (Layers or sheaths). 

  • Annamaya Kosha : Gross physical appearance / Physical Sheath
  • Pranamaya Kosha : Vital life force / Vital Sheath 
  • Manomaya Kosha : Mental and emotional status / Mental Sheath
  • Vigyanmaya Kosha : Subtle knowledge / Wisdom Sheath
  • Anandmaya Kosha : State of eternal freedom / Bliss body

Manomaya Kosha is the layer of mind which comprises thoughts, emotions, feelings and passions. It is the connection point between the lower and upper two sheaths. Our mind is restless. It is difficult to control thoughts. The Manomaya kosha can be either useful or detrimental, depending on how we train the mind. 

The Vijnanamaya Kosha is also called the awareness or wisdom sheath. This kosha is considered the seat of intuition, awareness, and wisdom. It comprises mind, intellect, and ego with the five organs of perception and is responsible for all the judgmental actions. It is often described as the “mind beyond the mind“. 

Antahkarana (अन्तःकरण)

This Sanskrit term translates to “inner instrument” or “inner organ.” It has four components. It operates within the framework of the Vijnanamaya Kosha. 

  • Manas (मनस्): The mind, responsible for receiving and processing information from the senses. 
  • Buddhi (बुद्धि): The intellect, responsible for understanding, reasoning, and making decisions. 
  • Chitta (चित्त): Consciousness, the storehouse of memories, impressions, and subconscious thoughts. 
  • Ahamkara (अहंकार): The ego, the sense of “I-ness” or self-identification. 

Analogy from the Katha Upanishad 

How these various elements work in synergy is explained beautifully in the Katha Upanishad.

The Self of man is compared to the Lord seated in a chariot. The body is likened to the chariot. The intellect serves as the charioteer. The mind acts as the reins. The senses function as the horses. The sense objects are the road along which the chariot is driven. The unbridled horse can drive the chariot on a perilous journey. 

By channelizing buddhi or intellect, in the right direction, one can control the mind. It helps in preventing the senses from going astray and invigorates the wisdom-body. Having intellect is an asset – but diverting it in the right direction is what makes a difference. That is Wisdom. 

As we control our senses with practice, we go deeper into our layers of consciousness. From the world of words to the world of thoughts, then beyond thoughts to wisdom in the Self. This is the ultimate purpose of life.

Intelligence Vs Wisdom 

There is a difference between intelligence and wisdom. The world has  many intelligent people who may lack wisdom. If wise men ruled the world would it be a better place ? Intelligence is pursuit of knowledge, it tires the seeker. Wisdom is pursuit of truth, it inspires the seeker.

Our current education system strives to leverage our intelligence. It aims to make us knowledgeable. However, the traditional Vedic Gurukul system emphasized developing self-awareness and wisdom. 

Wisdom is described in the Bible as the skill of living life as God intended. It is not just the ability to “think well.” It is the capacity to “thoughtfully act” in a way that is good and godly.

When knowledge builds pride and a sense of superiority it is detrimental – it is Ahankara. 

In Conclusion 

In a world immersed in intellectual arrogance many struggle to say “I don’t Know”.  Many claim to “Know it all”. I will conclude the Blog with a beautiful quote from the Ishavasya Upanishads. 

Andham Tamah Pravishanti Ye Avidyam Upasate

Tato Bhuya Iva Te Tamo Ya U Vidyayam Rataah

Those who worship ignorance enter into darkness and those who worship knowledge enter into greater darkness.

There are many symbols to represent Wisdom. Common ones are Goddess Saraswathi, An Owl etc. In Western Africa, the Nyansapo, or Wisdom Knot, is a sacred symbol representing intelligence, wisdom, and the complexities of life. It reminds us that knowledge and learning are intertwined with the experiences we gather through life.

I would like to end the Blog with some interesting Quotes that compares Intelligence & Wisdom

Intelligence leads you. Wisdom guides you.

An intelligent man thinks he knows everything. A wise man knows that there is still something to learn.

An intelligent man always tries to prove his point. A wise man knows there really is no point.

An intelligent man understands what is being said. A wise man understands what is left unsaid.

An intelligent man sees everything as relative. A wise man sees everything a related.

This BLOG appeared in the April 2025 edition of Yogavidya, The monthly magazine of Bharat Yogavidya Kendra

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Demystifying the Science of Tantra

15 Mar

Introduction 

The term Tantra has earned a bad reputation and is often looked upon with a negative connotation. This Blog will help correct the misinterpretation.  It will help a layman understand the science of Tantra. 

Setting the context 

The human body is a mystery & a miracle. Only a divine source could have created this complex being. Artificial Intelligence can never come close. 

A few questions begs for answers. How do we have child prodigies? What powered the rare intellect of Einstein & Ramanuja? How do Rishis travel in their subtle bodies? How were enlightened souls like Ramkrishna, Shirdi Sai, Neem Karoli Baba capable of reading your mind? They performed what most thought were miracles. Why is it that most humans have a limited audio frequency hearing ability? Do we have senses and perceptions which are hidden or not activated? 

Swami Satyananda Saraswati founded the Bihar School of Yoga. He believes that most humans use only a tenth of their brain faculty. The vast majority of our brain especially the frontal part is inactive.

Modern science divides the dormant part of the brain into ten parts, Kundalini Yoga divides it into six. A genius is one who has awakened a few of the dormant portions of the brain. As divine energy awakens in the human body, it begins to flow upwards. It explodes in the crown of the head, the Sahasra. The dormant or inactive areas of the brain start blossoming like flowers. Man then becomes a demi God. The science of Tantra can help you achieve this. 

Divinity is present in our body

The human body is a sublime edifice that houses the spark of the divine power – Para Shakti. After creating life in the womb, She descends into a small cavity at the base of the spine. She is in a dormant state there. Tantra is a science that helps you to awaken this dormant energy. It enables you to channel the energy upwards thru the Sushumna (A psychic channel within the spine) to the Sahasra. There, She merges with Lord Shiva. This is the ultimate goal of every yogi. This should be the purpose of life of every human being.

What is Tantra   

Sanskrit literature can be classified under six orthodox heads and four secular heads. 

  • Orthodox Heads – Shruti, Smriti, Itihasa, Purana, Agama, Darshana. 
  • Secular Heads – Subhashita, Kavya, Nataka, Alankara

The Agamas are theological treatise and practical manuals of divine worship. The Agamas include Tantras, Mantras & Yantras. The Agamas are divided into three sections – Vaishnavism, Shaivism & Saktaism. Sakta Agama or Tantras glorify God as the divine Mother of the world. There are 77 Agamas and the texts are usually in the form of a dialogue between Shiva & Parvati. 

Tantra is a combination of Yantra & Mantra. Yantra is a diagram (machine or symbol), Mantra is the sound that activates the energy in the Yantra. Tantra explains in great detail the knowledge about Tattva (Ultimate Truth or Brahman) and Mantra (Mystic Syllables). 

Kundalini & Tantra Yoga 

Kundalini Yoga is the great discovery of the Tantric tradition. It identified a dynamic potential force in the human body called the Kundalini. This dormant potential force is resting at the base of the spine. In men at the perineum, in women at the root of the uterus in the cervix. This center is called the Mooladhara. When you direct Prana into the seat of the Kundalini it awakens.

Tantra Sadhana lays emphasis on the activation of the latent power in the six Chakras. It starts from the Mooladhara and extends all the way to the Sahasra at the crown of the head. 

Chakras are vortices or whirlpools of psychic energy. There are many Chakras in the human body. For the practice of Tantra & Kundalini yoga, six Chakras are under focus.

These six Chakras are connected to the higher unilluminated centers of the brain. The Sahasra at the crown of the brain is also the location of the pituitary gland. It controls each and every gland and system in the human body.  The Agna Chakra is aligned with the centre of the eyebrows. It is also aligned with the midline of the brain along the spinal cord. This alignment is the location of the Pineal Gland. This is the centre for intuition and clairvoyance. Tantra & Yoga maintain the Agna Chakra is the command centre of life in the human body. Similiarly other Chakras control elements like digestion, speech, creative skills etc.  

Whatever happens in spiritual life is related to awakening of the Kundalini. Samadhi, Kaivalya, Nirvana, Moksha are all the outcome of igniting the spark and awakening Para Shakti. 

Meaning of the word Kundalini 

Kundal means coiled. Kundalini means that which is coiled. Kunda is also a ceremonial pit. The divine energy is identified as a sleeping serpent coiled 3 ½ times in the Mooladhara. Serpent power symbolises the unconsciousness in man.  The 3 coils are said to represent the three matras of Om – Past, Present, Future. Or the three Gunas, or the 3 states of consciousness – or all of these. The ½ coil represents the state of transcendence. In this state, there is neither waking, sleeping nor dreaming. It is also referred to as Turiya. 

Why Awaken the Kundalini energy through Tantra 

This is one of the paths to accelerate your spiritual evolution. Once divine Shakti awakens man is no longer a gross physical body. Every cell is charged with high voltage Prana. As the energy ascends, it pierces and activates the hidden switches in the Chakras. This activation opens up an explosion of energy in the unilluminated parts of the brain. This awakens physical, mental and spiritual development. 

To awaken the Kundalini, the practise of Yoga is required. Additionally, the entire social structure and way of life has to be reorganized. It is like opening the gates of the temple within your body. You reach the core, the divine energy – Para Shakti or Kula Kundalini. To achieve this the body & mind need to be pure. A light Sattvic diet that takes the strain off the liver is helpful. 

In the journey a practitioner will start seeing transformation. The body is charged & rejuvenated. There are changes in voice, smell, hormonal & secretions. Aging slows down. You eat less, sleep less. 

How can I learn Tantra  

Tantra is rare and secret doctrine – it’s called Gupt Vidya. It can’t be learnt from books. It is a long arduous journey and can only be achieved with the help of an accomplished teacher. If not done correctly it can have a serious impact. The energy when activated is so explosive that one needs to be prepared to get it.

The Kundalini energy can be awakened by a combination of the following means 

  • Birth – Evolved soul based on earlier life karma’s 
  • Mantra Sadhana 
  • Tapasya 
  • Herbs (Aushadhi)
  • Raja Yoga 
  • Pranayama
  • Kriya Yoga 
  • Tantric Initiation 
  • Shaktipath

Bhuta Shuddhi is an important Tantric rite. It means purification of the five elements that compose the body. 

Yoga Nidra evolved from a Tantric practice called Anga Nyasa. Anga means main limbs or organs of the body. These include the toes, knees, hips, the back, chest, shoulder blades, and head. Nyasa means to place. In Tantra, when you sit for puja, you focus the mind on various organs of the body. You also recite the respective mantras. 

The two paths of Tantra 

The left handed path called Vamachara or Kaula Tantra focuses on a set of structured practices and rituals. They perform their worships using the Pancha Makharas. These include meat, fish, intoxicants, mudras (certain gestures), and sexual contact. They believe that man is still an animal (Pashu) and cannot give up everything. He has to enjoy and move forward. The concept of Bhoga and Yoga illustrate the balance between enjoying worldly pleasures and seeking spiritual liberation. Bhoga represents the enjoyment or experience of life, while Yoga signifies the union with the divine. Together, Bhoga and Yoga provide a holistic approach to life, blending material and spiritual fulfilment

The right-handed Tantrics perform these rituals only symbolically. They are called Samaya Margis. Adi Shankaracharya followed this path. 

In Conclusion 

Tantric knowledge was strongly prevalent in Kashmir, East India (Bengal, Assam) & Kerala. During foreign invasion the ancient texts were hidden in the Himalayas. A lot of Buddhist & Tibetan practice also involve Tantric rites. 

It is interesting to note that if you draw a triangle with  Kerala, Kashmir & Assam as the three vertices you will cover almost all of Bharat. Which in a way reflects that this sacred land is always protected by Para Shakti.

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Story of Panchamukhi Hanuman

4 Mar

Lord Hanuman is considered as the incarnation of Lord Shiva. He is known for his formidable strength. Lord Hanuman also known as Anjani Putra, Vayu Putra, Kesari Putra etc is revered for his wisdom and communication skills. Since childhood we have worshiped Hanuman as our family deity. During dark & challenging times prayers to Him have always been a source of courage. For the past 20 years, I have been visiting the Panchamukha Hanuman temple in Koramangla every Saturday. His grace has always been with the family. This Blog will try and throw light on this manifestation of divine energy.

Who is Ahiravana (Also known as Mahiravana)

When Ravana’s son (Indrajit) was killed by Lakshmana, he sought revenge. He summoned Ahiravana from Patala. Ravana convinced him to capture Rama and Lakshmana. He wanted them to be sacrificed to the goddess Mahamaya. Ravana promised Ahiravana great power in return

Despite Vibhishana & Hanuman’s efforts, Ahiravana, employing various disguises and illusions and abducted Rama and Lakshmana. In one instance, he disguised himself as Vibhishana, tricking Hanuman into allowing him entry. Once inside, Ahiravana successfully kidnapped Rama and Lakshmana and transported them to his kingdom in Patala. Upon discovering their disappearance, Hanuman vowed to rescue them and sought guidance from Vibhishana.

Overcoming Makardhwaja – the gatekeeper of Patala

As Hanuman was returning after setting Lanka ablaze, a drop of his sweat fell in the ocean. It landed into the mouth of a massive crocodile. The inhabitants of Patal Lok captured the crocodile. They discovered a remarkable being named Makardhwaja upon dissecting the creature’s stomach. Recognizing Makardhwaja’s exceptional intelligence and strength, Ahiravan, the ruler of Patal Lok, appointed him as the guardian of his palace.

When Hanuman endeavored to enter Ahiravan’s palace, Makardhwaja intercepted him. Hanuman was intrigued and asked for an introduction. Makardhwaja declared himself the valiant guardian of Patal Lok. He also claimed to be the proud son of Hanuman. Astonished, Hanuman initially doubted Makardhwaja’s claim, for he had devoted himself to celibacy throughout his life. Then, Hanuman delved into meditation, seeking enlightenment about Makardhwaja’s origins, and uncovered the truth.

Makardhwaja revealed to Hanuman that he was prepared to confront even his father. He wanted to honor his allegiance to his mentor, Ahiravan. To uphold his master’s wishes, Makardhwaja challenged Hanuman to a duel before granting him access to the palace. Impressed by Makardhwaja’s unwavering loyalty and dedication, Hanuman bestowed his blessings upon him. The two engaged in a formidable battle, culminating in Hanuman emerging victorious

Fight with Ahiravana

Vibhishana had informed Hanuman about Ahiravana’s strength source. It came from five lamps in Patal Lok. These lamps were facing five directions. To end his magical powers, all the five lit lamps needed to be extinguished in one breath. To achieve this seemingly impossible task Hanuman takes up the Panchamukhi form and blows out the lamps in one breath. The five faces of Panchamukhi Hanuman represent an eagle – Garuda facing the west. A boar Varaha faces the north. A horse Hyagriva faces the sky. A lion Narasimha faces the south. The fifth is the original Hanuman himself facing the east.

Panchamukhi Hanuman has ten arms holding different weapons. In the fierce battle with Ahiravana, Hanuman was victorious. He managed to free Rama & Lakshmana from his clutches in Patala.

Significance of the 5 Faces

Kapimukha – Hanuman’s original face facing the east removes blemishes of all past deeds and confers purity of mind . West facing Garudamukha drives away evil spells, black magic influence and negative spirits. It flushes away poisonous effects from the human body. North facing Varahamukha wards off the negative affects of planetary influence – especially Rahu. South facing Narasimhamukha dispels fear and ensures victory over opposition. Sky facing Hayagriva confers knowledge , victory and saves one from being childless.

Panchamukhi Hanuman near Mantralaya

Raghavendra Swami was engrossed in intense meditation for 12 years in a cave near Mantralaya. He had the vision of Panchamukha Hanuman who blessed him. Since then Panchamukha Hanuman has been his Upasana deity. The temple I visit in Koramangla is managed by Raghavendra Swami followers. The main deity is that of Panchamukha Hanuman along with shrines for Raghavendra Swami & Lord Ganesha.

This is the cave where Raghavendra Swami meditated. The Priest explained that the shrine is Swayambu – self emanated.

Panchamukhi Hanuman is popularly worshiped at a temple in Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu as well.

Jai Hanuman Veer Hanuman, Jai Sri Ram

The Power of Gratitude: Building Stronger Connections

3 Mar

Most people struggle to sincerely say three simple words – Thank You, Please & Sorry.  

The tone and body language show your sincerity and even babies can make out when you are being superficial. These words are powerful tools when you are sincere and the intent is real. They help you to connect better. You can build stronger relationships. 

The Sanskrit word for gratitude is Kritajna (कृतज्ञा). It’s a beautiful word. It is formed from krita (कृत) meaning “cultivated.” The root jna (ज्ञा) refers to a state of consciousness. Kritajna thus means a state which is consciously created or chosen. It is the result of being fully here, the realization and acknowledgment of a particular moment in time. This is what brings the sincerity and depth in the emotion. 

Expressing gratitude is a simple way to encourage positivism. The science of TA (Transaction Analysis) highlights the power of Positive Strokes. Gratitude is a step in that direction.  

Gratitude is the ability to see value in others. When we get gratitude from someone, we feel seen, valued, and appreciated. It brings us joy and connection. We all seek gratitude and appreciate the feeling it inspires, but often we fail to express it. 

So what holds us back from expressing our gratitude ?

The biggest reason is self-absorption. It’s a reflection of times where the “I” dominates. We often fail to express our gratitude for others because we can’t clearly see it. We can’t seem to get ourselves out of the way. And we struggle to compliment and acknowledge a job well done. Even on social media criticism is spontaneous and elaborate – compliments are rare and brief. 

How to get started – Set an intention (Sankalpa)

Creating an intention of gratitude before and after your practice makes your practice powerful. It then acts as a guiding force after your yoga session. 

An effective Sankalpa is short, positive and captures your wish or goal for yourself and benefiting others. Your Sankalpa or intention can change every day or be the same for a few days – it’s your choice. Here are a few examples of gratitude statements

  • I am thankful for the abundance in my life. 
  • I am thankful for the joy and happiness I feel with each breath. 
  • I am thankful for the wonderful people in my life
  • I am thankful to Mother Earth & the Universe for the bounty it has showered on me and my family 

In Yoga the practice of Niyamas helps one develop gratitude. Santosha (Contentment) is a key step towards cultivating gratitude. Observing Ishvara Pranidhana (surrendering to God) is the most impactful step in developing gratitude. 

Lokah Samastah Sukhino Bhavantu

May all beings everywhere be happy and free. May the thoughts, words, and actions of my own life contribute in some way to that happiness. Let them also contribute to that freedom for all.

This ancient Shanti Mantra is a prayer we can practice daily. It reminds us that our relationships with all beings and things should be mutually beneficial. We must do this if we ourselves want happiness. It also helps with liberation from suffering. No true or lasting happiness can come from causing unhappiness to others. No true or lasting freedom can come from depriving others of their freedom. If we say we want every being to be happy and free, we must question everything we do. We need to examine our actions. We must reflect on how we live. We need to consider how we eat, what we buy, how we speak, and even how we think.

One of the greatest powers we wield is the words we use. Using the words Thank You, Please, and Sorry helps to build relationships of trust and understanding. Using the power of these words helps people feel valued, respected, and convey that they matter to you. This produces a reciprocal response. It builds mutual relationships. Both people are stronger because they can communicate in a more meaningful way.

This Blog was published in the Oct 2024 edition of Yogavidya , the monthly newsletter for Bharat Yogavidya Kendra.  

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